Human nasal internal turbinate samples are tissue specimens collected from the internal turbinate of the nasal cavity. This tissue is a source of primary nasal epithelial cells and other cell types, which are crucial for studying the physiology and pathology of the nasal airway. These samples are used in research to investigate conditions such as allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and other inflammatory or infectious diseases affecting the upper respiratory tract. They allow for direct analysis of the nasal mucosa, including epithelial integrity, immune responses, and the effects of environmental factors or therapeutic interventions.