Primary Human Bronchial Epithelial (HBE) cells are a crucial biological resource provided by the Primary Airway Cell Biobank (PACB) at McGill University, specifically designed for advanced respiratory research. These cells are isolated directly from human bronchial tissue, offering a physiologically relevant model for studying airway biology, disease pathogenesis, and drug efficacy. They are particularly well-suited for air-liquid interface (ALI) studies, which closely mimic the in vivo environment of the human airway epithelium, and are considered the 'gold standard' in preclinical studies for conditions like cystic fibrosis. The HBE cells supplied by PACB come with specific guarantees for their performance in research applications. They are guaranteed to differentiate into a pseudostratified mucociliary epithelium, a key characteristic of healthy airway tissue, marked by visible cilia formation, robust mucin production, and stable transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) levels. Each batch of cells undergoes rigorous quality control, testing negative for common contaminants including mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast, and fungi. Furthermore, comprehensive serological screening confirms the absence of human viruses such as HIV-1,2, Hepatitis A, B, C, Hantavirus, and HTLV-1,2, ensuring the safety and reliability of the cell cultures. These cells are indispensable for a wide range of research applications, including studies on cystic fibrosis, COPD, asthma, and other chronic lung diseases. Researchers utilize HBE cells to investigate ion channel function, mucociliary clearance mechanisms, inflammatory responses, and the effects of environmental toxins or therapeutic agents on airway epithelium. Their ability to form a differentiated, polarized monolayer makes them ideal for transport studies, barrier function assays, and viral infection models, providing insights directly applicable to human health. They are also used for drug discovery cell screening and to examine gene activation, expression, and signaling pathways. The PACB ensures the quality of HBE cells through detailed verification processes, including assessment of cell purity, viability, and differentiation capacity. Transport function can be validated using Ussing chamber techniques, and for cells from CF donors, the genotype is confirmed. Donor information, such as age, sex, BMI, ethnicity, diagnosis, and medication history, is available to support specific research needs, allowing for precise experimental design and interpretation of results. These cells represent a high-fidelity model for understanding complex airway pathologies and evaluating novel therapeutic strategies, and their morphology is consistent with epithelial origin, testing positive for cytokeratin 18.