Plasma polymerisation is a sophisticated chemical process that utilizes plasma to create thin, functional polymer films from low molecular weight organic monomers. This versatile surface modification technique is primarily employed in research and lab settings to enhance the functionality and precisely tailor the surface properties of various materials, including hydrogels and textiles. It is instrumental in developing controlled environments essential for cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation, as well as for improving material characteristics to meet the demands of advanced applications. Technically, plasma polymerisation offers significant advantages over conventional polymerisation methods, as it can initiate from a broad spectrum of organic compounds, including saturated hydrocarbons, thereby enabling a wide array of surface modifications. The resulting polymer films are characterized by their highly cross-linked and branched structures, exhibiting exceptional physicochemical properties such as superior adhesion, high chemical, mechanical, and thermal stability, and a typical pinhole-free morphology. The process involves the dissociation of organic and inorganic molecular gases through electron impact, leading to the formation of reactive species that subsequently recombine to form the polymer. This technique can be implemented at both low and atmospheric pressures, with low-pressure systems often requiring vacuum chambers for precise film property control, while atmospheric pressure systems are advantageous for continuous industrial processes due to their vacuum-free operation. Radio Frequency (RF) plasma systems, commonly operating at 13.56 MHz with power outputs ranging from 10 W to 400 W, are frequently utilized, providing stable plasma and the capability to process insulating materials. The thickness of the deposited polymer coatings can be finely adjusted by manipulating the plasma polymerisation conditions. This technology finds extensive application across diverse research fields. In biomedical engineering, it is crucial for fabricating biocompatible coatings on medical implants, which significantly improves their integration with biological tissues and mitigates infection risks. It is also widely used to engineer surfaces with specific wetting properties, creating hydrophobic surfaces for self-cleaning applications like solar panels and outdoor textiles, or hydrophilic surfaces for critical biomedical devices such as catheters and contact lenses. In textile science, plasma polymerisation enhances properties like water repellency, hydrophilicity, dyeability, and biocompatibility, making textiles suitable for advanced biomedical or military applications without significantly altering their weight or feel. Additional applications include developing robust barrier coatings for electronics, aerospace components, and packaging materials, as well as serving as membranes for efficient gas and liquid separation. The process is inherently solvent-free and can be seamlessly integrated into existing process chains, offering an environmentally conscious alternative to traditional wet-chemical methods. Plasma polymerisation systems are adaptable for both roll-to-roll and batch processing, allowing for dynamic treatment speeds to suit various production scales. These systems often incorporate specialized electrode configurations and enable high levels of oxygen-free process control. A key advantage is the ability to directly attach polymers to a desired surface during the growth phase, which streamlines coating procedures compared to multi-step conventional methods. For comprehensive characterization of the chemical composition and structural attributes of the resulting polymers, advanced analytical techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and mass spectrometry are frequently employed. Furthermore, some specialized systems are designed for the efficient treatment of large quantities of small products, exemplified by tumbler-based systems.