This service offers advanced immunostaining techniques for detecting and localizing specific proteins and antigens within tissue sections. Both Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Immunofluorescence (IF) rely on the principle of antibody-antigen binding. IHC typically uses enzyme-linked detection systems (e.g., peroxidase) to produce a colored precipitate, allowing visualization under a brightfield microscope. IF, on the other hand, uses fluorophore-conjugated antibodies, with visualization under a fluorescence microscope. The service includes both single and double staining protocols. Single staining targets one antigen, while double staining (multiplexing) allows for the simultaneous detection and visualization of two different antigens on the same tissue section, providing insights into co-localization or spatial relationships between proteins. These techniques are indispensable for biomarker detection, studying protein expression patterns, and understanding disease mechanisms in research and diagnostic pathology.